A circulation pump is a small device built into a heating or water supply system. It is designed to force the coolant to disperse throughout the entire heating system. Provides uniform circulation of hot liquid, due to which the room is heated in any room, regardless of where the device is installed. The heating system pump is also designed to save heating costs.
Depending on the contact with water, pumps with a “dry” and “wet” type rotor are distinguished.
Which circulation pump should I use for heating?
A “wet” pump rotor is suitable for small private houses, and a “dry” pump rotor is suitable for large premises and multi-storey buildings. What is their difference? The first type is the most economical and silent, but is inferior in power, which limits the area of use, making it ideal for a residential building.
Advantages of circulation pumps with a “wet” type rotor:
— absence of noise;
— durability;
— ease of installation;
— saving electricity;
- small size and weight.
Advantages of pumps with a dry rotor:
- high efficiency, which provides uniform heating of large areas.
For heating private houses in the heating system, in 50% of cases pumps marked 25*4 or 25*40 are used. The first number (25) indicates the diameter of the pump connection. The second number (4 or 40) indicates the pressure of the circulation pump.
note
Some manufacturers Wilo, Oasis indicate pressure in meters, other manufacturers Grundfos, Unipump indicate pressure in decimeters.
Advantages of using heating circulation pumps
- Allows heat to be distributed evenly in all rooms.
- Fast system warm-up.
- Saving electricity and gas, which is achieved by reducing the cost of starting heating and rapid cooling of the coolant. The system is designed in such a way that the required amount of liquid is first heated, while spending a relatively small amount of energy. The benefits are huge compared to the cost of electricity to run the equipment.
- Durability of use if a properly selected pump is installed specifically for a given room.
- A universal approach for all heating systems.
In what case is it necessary to install a heating circulation pump if you have a system with natural water circulation.
— Naturally, the question arises if the water in the boiler is already boiling, but the room still does not heat up to the required temperature.
— If the slope of the heating pipes does not meet the slope standards: 5 mm per 1 linear meter. Instead of tearing down walls and installing pipes with the required slope, you can use a circulation pump; it will be more profitable, more reliable, and without headaches.
- heating pipes are in one direction and one pipe passes through the system.
- great savings benefits.
The heating system pump has these wonderful properties.
Read also:How much does it cost to install a heating system pump?
All this is not that expensive, and even more so, the purchase of a pump more than pays for itself after just a few months of use, about a couple of months of the heating season. And then there’s pure savings. It is comparable to the unregulated costs of gas and electricity. A circulation pump for heating a private house can cost from 1,500 rubles. up to 20,000 rub. Installing a circulation pump for heating can cost from 500 rubles. and higher.
Why do you need to install a heating pump?
Firstly, this will allow the batteries to warm up immediately after being connected to the power grid, in contrast to natural circulation, where heating of the heating system takes quite a long time.
Secondly, even if the pipes are laid with a negative slope, the circulation of water with uniform heat distribution is inevitable, due to which the temperature of the heating radiators will be equalized.
Thirdly, effective removal of air jams. Due to the accelerated circulation of the coolant, all air is removed from the heating system in a matter of minutes. But this is often accompanied by the sound of water running through the pipes, which can be annoying.
Fourthly, some heating system configurations will not be able to operate without a circulation pump due to high resistance in the pipelines. This is a system of warm walls, a system of warm floors, combined heating systems with heating collectors.
Read also:Selecting the right unit
Installing a pump with a high efficiency factor can lead to an increase in the amount of energy consumed, excessive noise, and wear of the device parts. At the same time, “wet” type pumps are not able to cope with the task of heating large areas due to the low power of the equipment. Modern heating circulation pumps have both manual and automatic modes for controlling the speed of rotation of the motor shaft.
High power factor is achieved at maximum shaft speed. Equip circulation pumps with thermal valves, this will allow you to regulate the heat in the room. When the temperature rises, the valve closes. Which leads to an increase in hydraulic resistance and, as a result, pressure increases. Noise appears, which can be eliminated by moving the equipment to low speeds. But there are pumps with built-in electronics that are able to regulate pressure depending on the amount of water.
How to install a heating pump?
When purchasing, you should pay attention to the presence of different threads included with the pumping equipment. If not included, you will have to choose them yourself. Cleaning filters and a check valve in accordance with the thread diameters will also be needed. In this case, you can do without adapters. For work, as a rule, you need wrenches of sizes 22-36 or adjustable wrenches, shut-off valves and a bypass - a small piece of pipe. And, in accordance with the rules that are included in the box of the purchased device, choose a place for installation.
The video shows what keys we use.
Selecting a pump insertion location
Previously, it was necessary to install equipment only in the return line. It was believed that such a system prolongs the life of the stuffing box system, rotors, and bearings. And now, the position of the pump in space does not play a special role: it can be installed both on the supply pipeline and in the return line. This is explained by the fact that modern heating system pumps do not suffer from contact with hot water. It is best to install the pump next to the heating collector.
Installation of a circulation pump in a heating system
Before installation, you must carefully read the instructions supplied with the equipment, which will allow you to understand the basic rules. The most important detail during installation is the correct position. Namely, the heating system pump must be positioned horizontally to avoid air pockets, which will leave the parts without lubrication and lead to overheating of the motor. And, accordingly, this can lead to further damage to the circulation pump. An arrow is placed on the outer part of the equipment indicating in which direction the coolant should move.
Video about the heating circulation pump in the Viessmann Vitopend 100 boiler.
A filter is installed in front of the pump to trap contaminants. If they get inside the circulation pump, parts may be damaged. Use a regular dirt filter. The filters are marked with an arrow, which indicates the direction of coolant flow in the heating circuit. Do not ignore the direction of the arrow, otherwise you will have to clean, or change if broken, the sump and pump.
Electrical connection
Some pumps can continue to operate after a power outage from the backup source, which usually lasts for a couple of hours. In connection with this purpose, it is recommended to install an uninterruptible power supply that allows the circulation to continue operating even in the absence of electricity. Usually during this time, electricians set up the electrical system. The continued uninterrupted operation of the pump in the system directly depends on external batteries connected to a backup power source.
Rules for operating the circulation pump:
The heating pump must not operate without water in the heating system.
Operating equipment with zero coolant supply is not permissible.
The range of allowable expenses must be observed. The fluid supply should not be too low or high.
If the pump is turned off for a long period of time, it is necessary to turn it on once a month for preventive purposes, at least for 1-15 minutes, to avoid oxidation of parts.
In order to avoid precipitation of hardness salts, use a water treatment system when filling the heating system. Or fill the heating system with a special coolant.
Before starting work, you must make sure that there is no vibration or noise from the heating system pump.
Check that the equipment motor does not heat up excessively.
Check for water leaks in the areas where the pump is installed.
Malfunctions of the heating circulation pump:
If sounds are heard when the heating pump is operating, but the shaft does not rotate. In this case, the root cause is possible oxidation of parts. In this case, you must turn off the device from the power supply. Drain the water by loosening the central screw of the pump. Unscrew the pump housing itself, remove the motor and impeller. If the pump has low efficiency, you can unlock the shaft by unscrewing it manually.
For owners of country houses with individual heating systems, the issue related to the uniform distribution of heat between all rooms is particularly relevant. For this purpose, circulation pumping units are used. And the question immediately arises: how to install a heating circulation pump so that it ensures uninterrupted, highly efficient, reliable operation? In this article we will look at this issue in detail.
Reasons for installing a circulation pump
A standard problem for owners of private houses is the uneven distribution of heat throughout the heating system. If in distant rooms the radiators are lukewarm, but the boiler boils, then you have to look for methods to improve the efficiency of the entire heating system.
To distribute thermal energy throughout the house, the following solutions are most often used:
- increasing the diameter of the heating system pipes;
- installing a pump in a heating system that is already present.
The first method is effective and practical, but it requires significant financial and physical costs, since you will have to dismantle all the old pipes and replace them with new ones. Installing a circulation pump in the heating system will not only ensure the same temperature throughout the house, but will also prevent the occurrence of air locks, which are the cause of poor coolant circulation. In addition, the cost of installing a small pump is much lower than replacing the pipes of the entire heating system, and much less physical effort will also be required.
Design and principle of operation of the circulation pump
Circulation pumps are designed for forced circulation of warm water in closed heating systems. The pump consists of a stainless steel body and a steel rotor or motor screwed to it; an impeller is attached to the motor shaft, which contributes to the release of the coolant. The operation of the pump is driven by an electric motor. A pump installed in a heating system draws water from one side and throws it into the pipeline due to the centrifugal force that occurs when the impeller rotates. The pressure created by the pump must easily cope with the hydraulic resistance of the pipeline, radiator and other elements of the system.
Types of circulation pumps
Typically, heating pumps are divided into two types:
- "wet";
- "dry".
In “dry pump” designs, the rotor does not interact with the coolant; its working area is separated from the electric motor by special stainless steel sealing rings. When started, these rings begin to rotate one towards the other and a thin film of water located between the rings seals the connection due to different pressure levels in the heating system and the external environment. The efficiency of a circulation pump with a dry rotor becomes 80%. In addition, it is quite noisy compared to a “wet” pump, so it should be installed in a separate, well-soundproofed room.
In turn, “dry” pumps are divided into three types: vertical, horizontal and block. For horizontal “dry” circulation pumps, the suction pipe is located on the front of the shaft, and the discharge pipe is located on the housing. The electric motor is mounted horizontally. For vertical pumps, the pipes are located on the same axis, and the electric motor is located vertically. Warm water enters the block pump along the axis and is discharged radially. When operating a “dry” pump, the dustiness of the room should be monitored, as it can cause turbulence of dust and other small solid particles, which can damage the surface of the seal rings, and as a result, the tightness of the pump. It is worth remembering that a “dry” pump requires the presence of liquid as a lubricant, since its absence significantly increases the risk of destruction of the mechanical seal.
“Wet” circulation pumps differ from “dry” ones in that the rotor and impeller are immersed in a coolant, which simultaneously acts as a lubricant and coolant. The rotor and stator are separated by a special “glass” made of stainless steel, which ensures the tightness of the part of the electric motor that is energized. For a heating system, the body of a “wet” pump should preferably be bronze or brass, and the rotor should be ceramic. Compared to “dry” pumps, wet ones are less demanding in maintenance and repair, and in addition, they are much less noisy. However, there is also a minus: the efficiency of a “wet” pump is about 50%. This is due to the fact that it is almost impossible to seal the sleeve that separates the coolant and the stator. “Wet” circulation pumps are mainly used in domestic heating, since such performance is quite sufficient for short-length heating systems.
How to choose a heating circulation pump
The first thing you should pay attention to when choosing a circulation pump is its power. It is worth remembering that for high-quality heating it is not necessary to choose a large pump with too high power. It will only create unnecessary noise, cost much more, and there is no need for it as such.
To choose a heating device, you should make an accurate calculation of the power of the circulation pump that is optimal for your home. To do this, you need to know the following parameters: pipe diameter, water temperature, coolant pressure level, throughput and boiler performance.
It is important to know how many liters of water can pass per minute through the heating system (boiler power). In addition, it is necessary to calculate the amount of water required for the normal operation of the radiator and heating system rings.
The power of the circulation pump also directly depends on the length of the pipeline. As a rule, approximately 0.5 m of pumping head is required per 10 m of pipeline.
To calculate the coolant consumption, you simply need to equate it to the boiler power parameters. For example, if the boiler power is 25 kW, then the coolant flow is 25 l/min. Batteries with a power of 15 kW require 15 l/min of water. It is also worth remembering that the narrower the pipeline, the greater the resistance that will arise along the path of movement of the coolant.
Calculation of circulation pump flow for heating
Any circulation pump has a number of indicators, which determine its performance. The main ones are pressure and flow. These parameters are reflected in the technical data sheet.
The flow rate of the heating circulation pump is calculated using the formula:
where N is the boiler power; t1, t2 is the temperature leaving the heat source (in most cases - 90-95 degrees) and in the return pipeline (usually -60-70 degrees), respectively.
The pressure of the heating pump is calculated in the same way; according to European standards, 100 W of power is required for 1 sq.m. of private house area.
Circulation pump installation diagrams
There are two typical installation schemes for a circulation pump: single-pipe, double-pipe.
The first scheme is characterized by a constant coolant flow rate and a small temperature difference, while the second, on the contrary, is characterized by a variable flow rate and a high temperature difference. 
The following figures show connection diagrams for the heating circulation pump, where: 1 - boiler, 2 - automatic air vent, 3 - thermostatic valve, 4 - radiator, 5 - balancing valve, 6 - expansion tank, 7 - valve, 8 - filter, 9- circulation pump, 10-pressure gauge, 11-safety valve.
Installing a circulation pump - stages and important installation nuances
Before installing the circulation pump, carefully study the instructions and its connection diagram. It is important to take into account the fact that the heating system will need to be serviced from time to time, so it must be taken care of.
First, you should drain all the heating fluid from the system, then, if necessary, clean the pipeline. Installation of the pump and the functional chain of fittings is carried out according to the connection diagram. Upon completion of installation, the heating system is filled with water, then excess air is removed from the pump by opening the central screw. It is worth paying attention that the air should be removed before each time the circulation pump is turned on.
After the heating circulation pump has been purchased, we begin to determine its installation location. It is recommended to install the circulation pump on the return line, in front of the boiler. The thing is that air can collect at the top of the boiler over time, and if the pump is installed on the supply, it will seem to pull it out of the boiler, as a result of which a vacuum can be created, which will lead to boiling of this part of the boiler. If the pump is placed in front of the boiler, the coolant will be pushed into it, as a result of which no air space will be created and the boiler will be completely filled. In addition, with this installation, the circulation pump will operate at lower temperatures, which will increase its service life.
At the selected pump installation site, a so-called bypass (bypass) is performed. It is necessary so that in the event of a pump breakdown or a power outage, the entire heating system does not stop working, and the coolant passes through the main pipeline thanks to open taps. It should be remembered that the diameter of the bypass pipe must be less than the diameter of the main pipeline. After the bypass is ready, proceed to installing the circulation pump.
It is important to remember that the shaft of the circulation pump must be installed horizontally, otherwise only part of it will be in the water, that is, the pump will lose about 30% of its performance, and in the worst case scenario, the working area may malfunction.
In addition, the installation also provides for an upper location of the terminal box.
Install ball valves on both sides of the pumping equipment. You will need them in the future for maintenance and dismantling of pumping equipment.
The system must necessarily include a filter, which is designed to protect the mechanism from small mechanical particles that can cause significant damage to the pump.
A manual or automatic valve should be installed on top of the bypass pipeline line, which is necessary to release air pockets that arise after a certain period.
To prevent arbitrary water flow in the heating system, it is necessary to secure shut-off valves in the pump inlet-outlet area.
When attaching the motor shaft, it is necessary to ensure that the box rotates along the axis with minimal effort. For an open heating system, it is also necessary to provide an expansion tank.
The connecting nodes should be treated with sealant, which will increase the performance of the entire heating system
To make the pump installation process easier and to avoid the need to search for connections and fasteners yourself, find in stores a special device with already selected detachable threads.
The number of circulation pumps required depends on the length of the pipeline. For example, if the length of the pipe is about 80 m, then installing one pump will be sufficient, but if the length exceeds this figure, then it is necessary to use two or more heating circulation pumps.
The cost of installing a heating circulation pump fully depends on the model of the equipment itself, the complexity of the bypass pipes and, of course, the number of pipeline circuits.
Causes of failure of heating circulation pumps
The most common causes of failure of heating circulation pumps:
- incorrect pump installation
The motor shaft must be positioned strictly horizontally, otherwise air may accumulate in the pump, which will damage the device.
- Incorrect terminal module position or cable routing
- ignoring the pump bleeder procedure
- Poor quality cleaning of the system from solid particles
It is worth remembering that all circulation pump malfunctions require specific skills and knowledge, so it is better to entrust the repair of heating equipment to professionals.
As is known, two types of coolant circulation can be used in the heating circuit of a private house - natural and forced. With natural circulation, the movement of the coolant along the line is ensured by the pressure difference that occurs when it heats up and cools down. When installing it, it is necessary to select the correct pipeline cross-section in all sections and ensure that the supply slope is in the direction of the coolant movement. Natural circulation is used, as a rule, in small one-story buildings. It has the following advantages:
- Independence from the availability of electrical energy.
- Lower installation costs.
- Simplicity of the system.
However, with natural circulation, the heating of radiators may be uneven. Those located closer to the boiler heat up more, those located further away heat up less. This may occur due to excessive hydraulic resistance. An incompetent user usually increases the heating temperature of the coolant, but this does not provide uniform heating, only increasing heating costs.
The problem can be eliminated in two ways - increasing the size of the internal diameter of the pipes or installing an additional element - a pump, thus ensuring forced circulation.
The first option - replacing pipes with products with a larger diameter - is not always acceptable. If the pipeline has already been installed, not everyone will want to redo it, while facing all the inconveniences inherent in the transitional repair period. This is very troublesome, labor-intensive and has a significant financial impact on your pocket.
Installing a pump in the heating system, as an additional element that provides forced circulation, looks much more attractive. This will entail less financial costs, less labor costs and will make the work more efficient.
An additional pump will make you dependent on the availability of electrical energy, however, its connection to the home heating main can be designed in such a way as to allow a quick transition to natural circulation.
Features of the water pump and the subtleties of its installation
Correct installation of a water pump in the heating system of a private home will ensure uniform distribution of liquid throughout all sections of the pipeline. You can easily do this work with your own hands - the main thing is to perform each operation correctly.
First you need to decide on the power of the unit. The boiler power is determined by the heat flow per unit time. And we select the power of the water pump based on the length of the pipeline. We don’t need an overly powerful device - it will create unnecessary noise and the energy costs for its operation will be unreasonably high.
There are two types of devices:
- Dry - they work without parts immersed in liquid.
- Wet - their rotor is immersed in coolant, which guarantees lower noise levels during operation.
For a private home, wet models are chosen.
Before you install the pump for heating your home with your own hands, you need to decide where it will be inserted. Old models were usually installed with reverse feed. Modern devices allow you to install them anywhere, but for greater efficiency and uniformity of heat flow, it is best to embed it on the return pipe between the expansion tank and the boiler.
The figure shows a diagram of the connection to the heating system of the house.
The following elements are indicated here:
- Boiler.
- Coupling connection.
- Cranes.
- Controls.
- Water pump.
- Filter for cleaning coolant.
- Expansion tank of membrane type.
- Heating devices.
- Water filling system.
- Controls.
- Thermal sensor.
- Emergency controller.
- Grounding.
The coolant that flows through the device cools it. The body of the unit is made of cast iron, the rotor is made of steel or plastic. With proper operation and timely maintenance, the device can operate for more than 20 years.
When doing the work yourself, you need to take into account that such a scheme requires water filtration - this is necessary so that small particles in the coolant do not prematurely wear out the mechanism of the device.
On the body of the device, as a rule, an arrow indicates the direction of movement of the coolant. If you install it incorrectly with your own hands, you will have to clean the flywheel much more often.
How to properly install a water pump in a home heating system
Once the power of the unit has been selected and we have decided on its location, we can begin installing it ourselves.
- We stop the system and drain the coolant from the pipeline.
- Before the installation site, we install a filter to clean the coolant from slag.
- We mount the device on a bypass - this is necessary so that, if necessary, the heating can operate with natural circulation. We install shut-off valves on both sides of it.
- We install an air valve at the top of the bypass to de-air the circuit.
- We place one shut-off valve on the main line - we close it during forced circulation.
- We ensure the presence of an electrical power point to ensure the operation of the device.
- Each threaded connection is made hermetically using gaskets to avoid coolant leaks.
The figure clearly shows the device connection diagram.
This bypass connection method allows you to perform service and repair of the device without stopping the heating. In the event of an unauthorized power outage, it is possible to quickly switch to natural circulation.
After the device is installed, fill the system with water. Unscrew the screw on the device housing cover and let out the air. After the water comes out, we can start the unit.
Conclusion
The use of a circulation pump in a heating system has a very beneficial effect on its efficiency. The temperature distribution along the sections of the highway is equalized, temperature adjustment of the system is much easier, and the heating time of heating devices is significantly reduced.
As practice shows, you can install such a device yourself. The main condition is the correct choice of device parameters, proper installation that meets all requirements and instructions. If you were careful and did everything carefully and accurately, your system will work much more efficiently than before.
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How to install a heating pump in a private house with your own hands
aqueo.ru » Heating » How to install a heating pump in a private house with your own hands
In most cases, private houses, especially small ones, use a gravity heating system. However, if the house is too large and the heat from such a system is significantly insufficient, it is necessary to use specialized devices that will correct this problem. One such device is a heating circulation pump.
Heating pump in a private house Application
Thanks to this device, the liquid (coolant) is forced to circulate through the pipes, distributing heat everywhere equally. The gravity system, mentioned earlier, works on a different principle: water simply flows through the pipes, heating them. In this case, any uniform heating is nothing more than luck.
After installing a circulation pump on a household heating system, you can be sure that it will cope with heating a large house. This device will easily and quickly heat every room where there are pipes, and will maintain the temperature for the required time (especially in winter, when the street temperature in Russian realities drops significantly).
A gravity system is not capable of heating a large room.
Almost every owner of a private house, which has a completely independent heating system, has encountered such a problem as heating the premises - not just heating, but evenly distributing the coolant through the pipes.
As a rule, areas of the heating system remote from the boiler receive a significantly smaller volume of coolant than those located nearby.
To correct the problem described above, there are two possible options: installing a circulation pump in the heating system, creating a completely new pipeline using large-diameter pipes.
Installing new pipes is a very effective method. However, the cost of this method will be significant. In addition, it will require additional efforts and skills that not every owner of a private home has.
Installing a circulation pump is not difficult and does not require specialized skills. The cost of the pump and its further integration into the heating system will be significantly lower than in the previously described case.
Installation of a circulation pump for heating When replacing pipes with new ones, you will have to remove all the old ones, which is very difficult. Therefore, it is strongly recommended to use a circulation device for heating.
From the above, we can draw a logical conclusion: the circulation pump in all respects is the most loyal option, which, moreover, does not require much effort during installation and operation.
Kinds
As a rule, to install a pump yourself, you need to know their types.
In most cases, there are two types of pumps used in pumps: “wet” and “dry”.
“Dry” ones have absolutely no direct contact with the coolant itself, while “wet” ones inherently consist of liquid.
“Dry” coolants create noise during operation, which is why the installation scheme of such a pump is more suitable for large enterprises, etc., but not for a domestic heating system.
The coolant, which is in the form of a liquid, unlike “dry”, on the contrary, is intended for heating private homes with individual heating. Typically, such systems are made of brass and bronze to avoid any possible damage.
To optimize the system, you need to know how to install the pump yourself.
Choice
Before starting the installation, you need to decide what exactly to install. The number of circulation pumps on the market is very large, which makes choosing a suitable device difficult. However, you should not despair because of this. You just need to take a closer look at the technical characteristics of the devices and carry out the calculations.
For full operation of the heating system, it is not necessary to install an extremely expensive and powerful unit. You can get by with a small device.
“Dry” coolant for heating Installing such a device will cause excessive noise and bulkiness of the system. In addition, there is no need to install such a pump in the house.
Before installation, you need to make all the necessary calculations so that there are no difficulties or shortcomings in the future.
To perform calculations, you need to know: the initial power of the boiler and the amount of total coolant flow.
It should be remembered that the power and speed of the heating system depends on the length of the pipeline.
Power
Responsible for the power of the system:
- pipeline pipe diameter;
- liquid (coolant) temperature;
- coolant pressure.
Installation
To facilitate the integration of the device into the system, it is advisable initially, even at the selection stage, to pay attention to the type of thread, choosing the appropriate one. Thanks to the correctly selected type of thread, there will subsequently be no need to look for suitable fastenings and connections for the device.
After completing the initial stage of integrating the circulation pump into the heating system of the house, you need to carefully study the diagram and instructions (instructions are included with the pump).
If you are unsure of your choice, it is strongly recommended to contact a specialist who will help you select a circulation device.
Place
The main condition that must be met when installing the pump yourself: it must be easily accessible. This is due to the fact that a breakdown, etc., can occur at any time during operation.
Also based on the above rule, it should be taken into account in advance that the system requires human maintenance.
In the modern world, water-based pumps are completely harmless from external influences of liquids of different temperatures. However, in some older heating systems, moisture could completely ruin it.
Thanks to improved modern systems, the circulation pump can be installed on both inlet and return pipes.
An important factor to consider is that the circulation pump must be able to withstand the strong pressure of heated water. Failure to comply with this factor may cause problems with the system as a whole.
Rules
Having studied in detail the theoretical part of installing a circulation pump, you can safely begin practice.
In order to avoid any problems, you should adhere to some technical aspects (rules) given below.
Installing a pump in a private house Ball valves must be attached to both ends of the pump, which are necessary for servicing and dismantling the circulation pump.
Slightly above the bypass there should be a valve of either of two types: manual or automatic.
There is no fundamental difference in the types of valve.
The heating system must have a filter. It is necessary to ensure that small particles of debris that could damage the pump do not get into the device. As can be seen from this example, the water in heating systems is often not entirely clean.
To ensure the greatest degree of productivity, the pump should be installed in a horizontal position. This is especially true for “wet” coolant.
Each heating system fastening must be treated with sealants. This is necessary to ensure the greatest strength of the connection.
You should ensure that the pump mounts are clearly located on the heating chain in compliance with the rules.
Circulation pump. Video
The nuances of installing a circulation pump can be gleaned from this video.
For full and productive operation of the circulation pump, it is necessary to strictly follow the installation rules prescribed above.
aqueo.ru
How to properly install a pump in a heating system.
How to properly install a circulation pump for heating a private house.
The continuation of the beginning of the article, which describes the fundamental principles of choosing a pump for the heating system of a private house or cottage, can be read here. When selecting a pump for a heated floor heating system, there is a slightly different method for selecting a pump. This is due to the fact that the heat distribution system in this case requires careful balancing, which means that in order to eliminate errors, a pump of slightly higher power should be installed on such heating systems than if you made a calculation for a heating system with bimetallic radiators. This is due to the fact that you will have to pump a larger volume of coolant along a total longer length of pipes. If the underfloor heating system is poorly developed and has two or three branches, the pump is selected with a coefficient of 1.5. Then add 0.1 to each branch if it is short and 0.2 if it is long (room area is more than 20 m2). At the same time, the developed pressure of three meters is sufficient for any underfloor heating system.
Recommendations for the correct installation of a heating circulation pump in a private home.
Circulation pumps installed in closed heating systems with a membrane tank must be installed on the return pipeline in the boiler room, next to the boiler.
Some authors recommend installing a membrane expansion tank on the return pipeline (return) as close as possible to the pump. In principle, this can somewhat soften the operation of the pump, but there is no need for this; you can install the expansion membrane tank in any convenient place, preferably on the return line and closer to the boiler. The main thing is to properly prepare (pre-inflate to a certain pressure) the expansion tank of the heating system for operation. Read about this in the article “How to choose the right expansion tank.”
When installing a circulation pump in a heating system, mistakes are often made that, at best, reduce its service life, and at worst, cause it to fail. The most common mistake during installation is to install the pump not in a horizontal position as in the figure. As you remember from the last article, pumps with a wet rotor are installed in heating systems of private houses. In such pumps, the impeller must float in the working environment, due to which natural lubrication and smooth running of the impeller and cooling of the pump motor occur. The branding block of the pump should be placed on top or facing you.
How to remove air from the circulation pump before starting.
How to remove air from the circulation pump before starting.
The heating system must be flushed before start-up to remove solid particles that could jam the impeller. Before starting a wet rotor pump, it is imperative to bleed the air by slightly loosening the shiny screw in the center of the pump motor. The air is released until water flows from under the released screw without air bubbles. The air removal operation must be repeated several times after 5-10 minutes of operation. In this case, it is not necessary to stop the pump. After a long summer inactivity, in order to avoid jamming the pump and its burnout, before starting, be sure to completely unscrew the same screw, first turning off the taps before and after the pump, and turn the rotor with a screwdriver (on some pumps a hexagon).
As you can see for yourself, selecting, installing and starting a pump in the heating system of a private house is quite a complex procedure. Therefore, if you are still not confident in your abilities, it is better to invite a professional specialist. And use our recommendations in everyday maintenance and for general development, if, God forbid, you come across a unfortunate professional, and such people are found at every step, you will be able to avoid unnecessary financial costs.
The circulation pump increases the efficiency of the autonomous heating system and allows 100% use of all heating circuits.
Professional installation of a heating pump guarantees high performance, reduces operating noise and reduces maintenance and repair costs. Installing the device does not cause any particular difficulties, but there are a number of nuances that are important to consider.
We will tell you how to choose a circulation pump, help you decide on the optimal scheme for inserting equipment into the system, outline installation requirements, and also provide step-by-step instructions for installing the device.
Previously, circulation pumps were used only in centralized heating systems, and for private housing construction the natural movement of the coolant caused by temperature differences was the norm.
Now forced circulation is used everywhere thanks to the emergence of compact and inexpensive models designed to service the heating networks of small houses and cottages.
With the advent of circulation pumps, the number of circuit solutions has expanded. It became possible to lay long highways of varying complexity, while the dependence on slope practically disappeared
Due to the increase in the speed of movement of the coolant in the pipeline, thermal energy flows faster to the heating radiators, and accordingly, the rooms are warmed up faster. The load on the boiler has decreased because the water is also heated faster.
The need to install bulky and inconvenient large-diameter pipelines has disappeared; contours have become easier to camouflage under floor coverings or be buried in walls.
It has become possible to install a “warm floor” system on any floor of a private house, which operates effectively only at a certain pressure in the network
The main disadvantage of pumps for heating systems is their dependence on electricity. If the power supply is intermittent or there is a risk of a complete power outage for some period, it is necessary to install a backup power generator or at least an uninterruptible power supply.
The remaining disadvantages relate to the designs and functionality of various types of devices. For example, monoblock units and devices with a dry rotor are noisier and require constant maintenance, while a pump with a wet rotor is demanding on the quality of the coolant and has a pressure limitation.
Criteria for proper selection of equipment
All installation efforts will be reduced to zero if the equipment is selected incorrectly. In order not to make a mistake, it is necessary to first analyze all aspects of a particular heating system and make the necessary calculations.
Main types of pumps
According to their design features, all devices are divided into 2 categories: with a wet and dry rotor.
Wet pumps. This option is suitable for private homes. The unit is compact, almost silent and has a modular structure that is convenient for maintenance and repair.
But, unfortunately, it does not have high productivity - the maximum efficiency of modern models reaches 52-54%.
Circulation devices for heating networks should not be confused with similar devices for hot water supply. The heating pump does not require an anti-corrosion bronze or stainless steel housing and additional protection against scale - accordingly, it is cheaper
Dry rotor pumps productive, unpretentious to the quality of the coolant, capable of working under high pressure and do not require a strictly horizontal location on the pipe. However, they are noisier, and their operation is accompanied by vibration. Many models are installed on a foundation or metal support frame.
For installation of console, monoblock or “In-line” models it is necessary. It is advisable to use them when a flow rate of more than 100 m³/h is required, that is, for servicing groups of cottages or apartment buildings.
Brief overview of technical characteristics
When choosing a pump, you should definitely study the technical characteristics and compare them with the requirements of the heating system.
The following indicators are important:
- pressure, which covers hydraulic losses in the circuit;
- performance– volume of water or supply over a certain time interval;
- operating coolant temperature, max and min – for modern models on average +2 ºС… +110 ºС;
- power– taking into account hydraulic losses, mechanical power prevails over useful power.
Structural details are also important, for example, the inlet/outlet diameter of the pipes. For heating systems, the average parameters are 25 mm and 32 mm.
The number of electric pumps is selected based on the length of the heating main. If the total length of the circuits is up to 80 m, one device is sufficient; if more, additional devices will be required
An example of a unit for equipping a residential heating network with an area of 100 m² is a pump Grundfos UPS with a 32 mm pipe connection, a capacity of 62 l/s and a weight of 3.65 kg. The compact and low-noise cast iron device is inaudible even behind a thin partition, and its power is sufficient to transport liquid to the 2nd floor.
Pumps with built-in electronics allow you to quickly switch equipment to a more convenient mode depending on changes in temperature or pressure in the network. Automatic devices are equipped with digital displays that provide maximum information on the operation of the pump: temperature, resistance, pressure, etc.
Additional information on the calculation and selection of a circulation pump for heating is presented in the articles:
Requirements for installation of a circulation pump
There are a number of standards that regulate at the legislative level the installation of a circulation pump in a heating system. Some of the rules are set out in SNiP 2.04.05 “Heating...”. For example, it talks about priority in heating networks.
Almost all requirements are justified by the operating efficiency of the system as a whole and the circulation device in particular. For example, the shaft of a device with a wet rotor must be installed on the pipe strictly horizontally in level so that there are no air pockets inside and the pump parts do not wear out prematurely.
A mandatory element of the system is an expansion tank that compensates for changes in the volume of coolant during heating/cooling. Its place in a closed system is on the return line, in front of the circulation pump
A filter for dirt and abrasive particles is needed in any case, even when installing monolithic models. Filtered coolant will cause much less damage to pump parts than liquid with sand and suspended matter.
The mudguard is installed with the plug down in the direction of water movement to reduce resistance and facilitate system maintenance.
Some rules are dictated by manufacturers. For example, it was customary to install old models of certain brands exclusively on the return line, since they could not withstand high temperatures.
Now pumps have become more versatile and can be installed in any suitable location, but subject to power parameters.
Analysis of installation technology
The installation process itself is quick; to secure the housing, you need to secure two union nuts. This is very convenient for further maintenance and repair work. But before installation, it is necessary to choose the right installation location, otherwise the pump will either work intermittently or will soon fail.
Schemes for inserting a pump into the network
When choosing one of the schemes, it is necessary to take into account the type of heating system, boiler model and ease of maintenance.
Option 1. This is the most common solution: the pump is mounted on the “return”, through which the cooled coolant returns to the boiler. Warm water does not have such an aggressive effect on the parts of the device, so it lasts longer.
Modern devices can easily withstand high temperatures, but there are still experts who reject such a scheme.
One of the main types of equipment used in the heating system of a private home is a circulation pump. This device allows you to transport coolant through the system more efficiently, which will contribute to uniform heating of the premises. In our article we will describe why an additional pump is needed in the heating system of a house, we will get acquainted with the diagram and location of its installation, and its use in the Warm Floor system.
Is it necessary, and in what cases?
Many owners of country real estate, and especially two-story houses, are interested in the question of installing an additional circulation pump in the heating system. They come to this conclusion after uneven heating of the radiators in the rooms, provided that the boiler has sufficient power. If the temperature difference between the boiler and the coolant in the pipelines exceeds 20 degrees, then it will be necessary to remove air plugs or set the existing pump to an increased speed.
Installation of additional pumping equipment is necessary in the following cases:
- When adding an additional circuit to the heating system, and especially when the pipe length exceeds 80 meters;
- For uniform movement of coolant in pipelines.
Important! If the heating system calculations are incorrect, the installation of additional equipment will lead to a decrease in the heating efficiency.
Before installing an additional pump, balance the heating system using balancing valves An additional pump in the heating system may not be needed if it is balanced using balancing and control valves, so before purchasing additional equipment, bleed the air from the radiators and add water to the system. If everything works fine, then there is no point in installing an additional pump.
Hydraulic separator
If there is a need to install an additional pump, then another device must be included in such a heating system - a hydraulic separator. In the list of terms used, a hydraulic separator can also be called an anuloid or a hydraulic arrow.
Such devices are recommended for use in heating systems where the coolant is heated using long-burning boilers. The fact is that the heating devices in question can operate in several phases (fuel ignition, combustion process and attenuation), and for each of these phases it is necessary to maintain a certain combustion mode.
Installing a hydraulic needle in the heating system allows you to create a certain balance in the operation of heat and warming up the system. The anuloid itself is made in the form of a pipe with four outlet pipes. The main functions of such a device include:
- Automatic removal of accumulated air;
- Collecting sludge particles (works as a dirt trap).
Note! From these characteristics it can be understood that the hydraulic separator is considered an important device in the heating system, so it must be installed without fail if there is a pump.
Heating in a private house performs many functions that must be implemented regardless of coolant flow and possible pressure drops in the pipelines. It is quite difficult to achieve efficient operation of the system, because the liquid enters the pipeline circuits from one source of thermal energy - the boiler, which will ultimately lead to unbalanced heating. To prevent such situations, the hydraulic separator serves; it performs the function of decoupling.
Where to put
In the autonomous heating system of a private house, it is recommended to install circulation pumps with a wet rotor, which rotate without the use of special lubricants. The coolant and lubricating element here are the coolant. When installing such a device, the following rules must be taken into account:
- The pump shaft must be in a horizontal position relative to the floor surface;
- The movement of water flow in the system must coincide with the direction of the arrow on the device;
- To prevent liquid from entering the pump terminals, the box should be installed on the top or side of the equipment.
According to some users, it is better to install the pump on the return pipeline. Here the coolant temperature is minimal, which will increase the service life of the device, but not all experts agree with this statement. The fact is that the pump is designed for operation in a coolant environment whose temperature can reach 110 degrees.
Note! The only requirement for installing a pump is considered to be ease of maintenance, that is, such a device can be mounted between the boiler and heating radiators on the forward or return pipeline. Pumping equipment cannot be installed between batteries.
Installation diagram
In practice, two schemes for installing a circulation pump are used in a single-pipe and two-pipe heating system. Before carrying out installation work, you must carefully study the attached instructions. At the preparatory stage of work, water is drained from the system and the pipes are cleaned of contamination by additional pumping of liquid. The pump is installed according to the attached diagram, then coolant is poured into the circuit and the unit is turned on.
As we have already said, it is best to install the pump on the return side using a tap or, as it is also called, a bypass. Such a device is necessary to shut off the water and replace the pump in case of breakdown. The diameter of the outlet pipe should be smaller than that of the central pipeline.
At each edge of the bypass, before entering and after exiting the pump, taps are installed for emergency shut-off of the coolant. Another valve is installed on the central line to direct the flow of liquid through the pump. Before entering the pumping equipment, a special filter is attached that will accumulate harmful particles in the water.
With warm floor
Note! In the “Warm Floor” system, the circulation pump is installed in a horizontal position after the mixing unit in the supply pipeline section. In some wiring schemes, several such devices are installed, each of which will pump liquid within one floor.
Installation diagram of the pump in the “Warm Floor” system When filling the system with coolant, it is not always possible to get rid of the air present here. Accumulated gases often block the movement of fluid, and not every manifold can be used as a relief valve. To solve this problem, the circulation pump has a special outlet valve made in the form of a disk.
To release accumulated gases, you need to turn this part with a screwdriver counterclockwise. After supplying water from the slot, the disk is tightened and the pump is started again. A similar procedure is repeated several times in a row.
